'find' is the name of the command, it lists all files that match the following criterias
'~' means to start the search from your home directory
'-type f' means "all standard files" (excluding directories and other unneeded kinds of files)
'-mtime 7' means "everything modified in the last 7 days
The rest means "for each match, print it with details ".
What you want is probably play with the '-mtime 7' part. Early july probably means you want '-mtime 75' but that may not be very useful. Maybe you remember the extension ? If it's a .doc, you can use '-path *.doc' for example
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